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1.
Colomb. med ; 49(4): 273-279, Oct.-Dec. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-984308

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Although the association between diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM) and celiac disease (CD) is well established; there are only a few studies that focus on South American children, haplotypes and their possible associations. Objective: To determine the prevalence of CD markers in a group of children with T1DM and to analyze the associated clinical, immunological and genetic manifestations. Methods: A prevalence study focusing on children with T1DM who were assessed based on variables including sociodemographics, anthropometric information, disease characteristics, laboratory results and family medical history. In partitipants a positive tTG2 (Ig A anti-transglutaminase), a duodenal biopsy and genotype were performed. The proportion of children with T1DM and CD was estimated (CI 95%). Determinations of central tendency, univariate and bivariate analysis, were also performed; p <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Thirteen (8.4%) of the 155 children (53.6% girls, 11.0 ±3.6 years, 2-18 years) with T1DM were tTG2 positive, four had CD (2.6%), seven had potential CD (4.5%) and nine were HLA DQ2/DQ8 positive (5.8%). Children with T1DM and CD had their last ketoacidotic episode (21.5 ±30.4 months versus 69.5 ±38.8 months, p= 0.0260) earlier than children with T1DM and potential CD. There were no differences with anthropometry or with the laboratory results regarding glycemic control. Conclusions: The prevalence of CD in these children with T1DM is higher than that reported in other South American countries. The prevalence of CD was found to be associated with the time of presentation of T1DM and its main allele, the DQ2/DQ8. These findings are different from what has been described in other places around the world.


Resumen Introducción: A pesar que la asociación entre diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DMT1) y enfermedad celíaca (EC) está bien establecida; hay pocos estudios en niños suramericanos sobre haplotipos y sus posibles asociaciones. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de marcadores de EC en un grupo de niños con DMT1, analizando las manifestaciones clínicas, inmunológicas y genéticas. Métodos: Estudio de prevalencia en niños con DMT1 a quienes se les tomaron variables sociodemográficas, antropométricas, de la enfermedad, paraclínicas y familiares metabólicas. A los niños con IgA anti-transglutaminasa (tTG2) positivos, se les realizó biopsia duodenal y genotipo. Se estimó la proporción de niños con DMT1 y EC y su IC 95%; medidas de tendencia central, análisis univariado y bivariado, siendo significativa una p <0.05. Resultados: Trece (8.4%) de los 155 niños (53.6% niñas, de 11.0 ±3.6 años, 2-18 años) con DMT1 fueron tTG2 positivos, cuatro presentaron EC (2.6%), siete EC potencial (4.5%) y nueve HLA DQ2/DQ8 (5.8%). Los niños con DMT1 y EC presentaron más pronto su último episodio cetoacidótico (21.5 ±30.4 meses versus 69.5 ±38.8 meses, p= 0.0260) que los niños con DMT1 y EC potencial. No hubo diferencias con la antropometría ni con los paraclínicos del control glicémico. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de EC en estos niños con DMT1 es superior a la de otros países suramericanos; estando asociada al tiempo de presentación de la DMT1 y su principal alelo el DQ2/DQ8, hallazgos diferentes a lo descrito a nivel mundial.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , HLA-DQ Antigens/genetics , Celiac Disease/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , Time Factors , Biomarkers/metabolism , Celiac Disease/diagnosis , Celiac Disease/genetics , Prevalence , Diabetic Ketoacidosis/epidemiology , Colombia/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/epidemiology , Alleles , Genotype
2.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 111(1): 45-52, Feb. 2013. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-663647

ABSTRACT

Introduction. Perinatal mortality has significantly decreased over the last decades. Low birth weight and prematurity are amongst the strongest predictors of neonatal death. The main objective is to analyze the evolution of perinatal mortality and its causes in newborn infants with a birth weight of less than 1000 grams over the last 20 years (1991-2010). Population and Methods. Observational, descriptive, longitudinal and ecological study. A total of 264 infants weighing less than 1000 g out of a total of 56 024 births during the study period. Different specific perinatal mortality rates by weight were calculated. The Spearman's Rho correlation coefficient was applied to assess the relationship between mortality rates and years of study, and ANOVA and Mann-Whitney test were used to compare five-year periods and ten-year periods, respectively. Results. There were 131 perinatal deaths, 82 stillbirths and 49 early neonatal deaths; 64.1% of them occurred before 27 weeks of gestation. Only the fetal mortality rate was statistically significant, although perinatal mortality showed a downward trend, without reaching significance. The main immediate causes of death were extreme prematurity, intrauterine hypoxia and infection. The underlying causes related to death in this group of newborn infants were infection caused by premature rupture of membranes, maternal hypertension, uncontrollable preterm labor and twin pregnancy. Conclusions. The reduction in mortality rates in this group of newborn infants is undergoing a slowdown.


Introducción. La mortalidad perinatal ha disminuido sustancialmente en las últimas décadas. La prematuridad y el bajo peso al nacer son los factores predictivos más fuertemente asociados a esta mortalidad. El objetivo es analizar la evolución de la mortalidad perinatal en los nacidos con peso menor de 1000 g en los últimos 20 años (1991-2010) y sus causas. Población y métodos. Estudio observacional-descriptivo de tipo ecológico longitudinal, sobre 264 nacidos con peso menor de 1000 g de un total de 56 024 nacidos durante el período estudiado. Se calculan las diferentes tasas de mortalidad perinatal específicas por peso. Se aplica el coeficiente de correlación Rho de Spearman para evaluar la relación entre las tasas de mortalidad y los años de estudio, y las pruebas ANOVA y de Mann- Whitney para comparación de quinquenios y decenios, respectivamente. Resultados. Se han producido 131 muertes perinatales, 82 de ellas muertes fetales y 49 neonatales precoces. El 64,1% sucede antes de la semana de gestación 27. Sólo la tasa de mortalidad fetal presenta una disminución estadísticamente significativa, aunque la mortalidad perinatal presenta una tendencia al descenso, pero sin alcanzar la significación. Las principales causas inmediatas de óbito son la inmadurez extrema, la hipoxia intrauterina y la infección. Las causas fundamentales relacionadas con la muerte de este grupo de nacidos son la infección por rotura prematura de membranas, la hipertensión materna, la amenaza de parto pretérmino incontrolable y la gemelaridad. Conclusiones. La disminución de las tasas de mortalidad en este grupo de nacidos está sufriendo un enlentecimiento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight , Perinatal Mortality/trends , Hospitals, University , Longitudinal Studies , Spain , Time Factors
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